Back to School Speech by Obama Essay

This paper is about President Barack Obama’s discourse â€Å" Back to class â€Å" which he held September eighth 2009 at the Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia. The general message in the discourse is whether youngsters are taking school genuine and comprehend the significance of difficult work. For themselves as well as for the eventual fate of the nation. â€Å"Hello everybody †how’s everyone doing today? I’m here with understudies at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.† I realize that for a large number of you, today is the main day of school. What's more, for those of you in kindergarten, or beginning center or secondary school, it’s your first day in another school, so it’s justifiable if you’re a little nervous.† Obama is beginning by tending to his crowd like a dad figure, attempting to arrive at all real factors in the crowd by referencing all the evaluations. He is making himself genuine to the crowd, introducing himself as a person who is practical. â€Å"Some of you are likely wanting to be despite everything summer, and you could’ve remained in bed only a little longer this morning† And right now in line 10 â€Å"I realize that feeling†. He is alluding to his own life. He is disclosing how he needed to get up 4.30 each morning to concentrate with his mother, and how he wasn’t too upbeat getting up that early. Here he is making himself genuine to the crowd, clarifying something from his youth that they will comprehend. So here he is utilizing tenderness engaging the emotions. From line 20, it’s like he is changing from being the companion of the crowd to his job as the leader of the United States again.â€Å" But I’m here today since I have something essential to examine with you.† From line 25, 30 and 35 he is uncovering the quintessence of his discourse. His message is that it is ones own responsibility and difficult work that will cause one to prevail throughout everyday life. â€Å"You can have the most devoted educators and strong guardians, however except if you independently assumes liability nothing of this is very helpful.† In line 40 and 50 he is all the more well disposed againâ€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re great at. Each and every one of you has something to offer. † He is spurring the crowd by saying that each individual has something that they’re great at, that everybody has a significant job In the American culture. Obama is likewise truly adept at referencing things numerous individuals can identify with in his discourse. â€Å"Maybe even sufficient to think of the following iPhone. â€Å" Here he is referencing the iphone that most kids can identify with. From line 50 to 75 he speaks increasingly about ethics once more. He is truly discussing how everybody needs to have training to find a new line of work, and how it takes difficult work. Increasingly significant in Obama’s discourse is that your instruction chooses ones own future, however ones country’s future. Obama is great to switch back and forth between being critical and understanding through the discourse, for instance in the line â€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re great at. Each and every one of you has something to offer.† He is understanding and urging to the individuals, before he with this sentences; â€Å" If you don’t do that †in the event that you quit on school †you’re not simply stopping on yourself, you’re stopping on your nation. Is by and large exceptionally critical. From line 75 to 85 Obama is again being all the more understanding. Obama clarifies his own troubles from his own youth, and that he comprehends school isn’t in every case simple. Obama clarifies how his dad left the family when he was 2 years of age, and that he was raised by a single parent absent a lot of cash. â€Å"There were times when I missed having a dad in my life. There were times when I was forlorn and felt like I didn’t fit in.† Obama then discussions about how he through difficult work was lucky to set off for college and follow his fantasy, to endeavor graduate school. In this piece of the discourse Obama is utilizing ethos. He is attempting to be reliable. From line 95 Obama again set himself up as the nation father. He clarifies that there is no reason for having an awful demeanor and furthermore no reason for not making a decent attempt and giving your best towards instruction. From line 100â€Å" Where you are correct now doesn’t need to figure out where you’ll end up. No one’s composed your predetermination for you.† Obama is alluding to the American dream. Referencing individual flexibility and duty regarding ones own predetermination. He clarifies that with difficult work you can achieve all that you need, regardless of foundation or social status. From the line 105 †110 †115 Obama is focusing on his announcement by giving some solid models about how genuine individuals with a wide range of troubles, endured difficult work and assurance. This is a case of logos, since he is giving solid models that are steady to the message of the discourse. From line 170 he is again alluding to the American dream. â€Å"The story of America isn’t about individuals who quit when things got intense. It’s about individuals who continued onward, who invested more energy, who adored their nation an excessive amount to do anything short of their best. â€Å" Toward the finish of the discourse from line 175 to 185 Obama is discussing America as a culture making due through numerous decades.â€Å" It’s the tale of understudies who sat where you sit 250 years back, and proceeded to wage an unrest and discovered this country â€Å" Obama ask the crowds what they will do to pass on the American culture, and what individuals in around 50 years will recollect from this time. Thus he squeezes the children, planning to get them to comprehend their duty to make sure about the American dream and culture later on.

Naukri.Com free essay sample

COM Industry-eBusiness is the reconciliation of a companys business including items, methods, and administrations over the Internet. [pic] †¢ You divert your organization from a business into an eBusiness when you incorporate your business, showcasing, bookkeeping, assembling, and tasks with your site exercises. †¢ An eBusiness utilizes the Internet as a middle for all business exercises. †¢ eCommerce is the online segment of an eBusiness. †¢ E-business might be characterized as the direct of industry,trade,and trade utilizing the PC systems. †¢ Naukri. om is an Indian quest for new employment motor working in India established by Sanjeev Bikhchandani in March1997. †¢ This work site permits organizations to put work declarations and glance through resumes. Individuals searching for employement can post their resumes, advertisement connects to their landing page and peruse the promotions and take a gander at potential bosses home pages also. †¢ The s ite was built up in 1997 by Info Edge (India) Ltd. Information Edge is a recorded organization on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange. It opened up to the world in November 2006. As of March 31, 2011 Naukri. om had a database of around 25 million enrolled work searchers and more than 80,000 live occupation postings from Corporate Customers. During the Fiscal year 2010-11 Naukri. com adjusted around 42,000 Corporate Customers, a normal of around 12,000 resumes were included while around 72,000 were altered day by day in the Naukri. com database in Fiscal year 2010-11. Outline †¢ In India Naukri. com has been positioned at 22nd spot according to Alexa traffic rankings. It has a worldwide positioning of 452. 2,480 locales share their connections in the activity entry. Generally very nearly 9 minutes is spent by every watcher in the site nd each page is seen just about 42 second around. Naukri is the main place of work in India and is the chief brand of Info Edge. It has without any assistance given another measurement to the idea of work in the nation. †¢ After it was discovered the organization has abandoned each contender. Naukri. com as an enlistment organization offers business related administrations to both normal occupation searchers and driving arrangement offices and selection representatives and corporate houses. Its administrations are accessible in the two India just as outside the nation. The place of work offers a wide scope of administrations, for example, Response Management Tools and Resume Database Access. Among its significant administrations is enrollment specialist marking arrangements, Naukri PayCheck, Naukri. com Magazine, Resdex, Naukri on Mobile and Chat and employment postings. The site has, whenever, 200,000 employments and serves right around 35,500 corporate houses. It additionally distributes a valuable report named Naukri JobSpeak, which is brought out on a month to month premise. Corporate technique Vision †¢ Vision is to make a stage where, in 20 years time, each Indian who is searching for work can discover one. Strategic Every individual searching for a Job ought to get one. Introductory Strategy (1997-2000) †¢ The underlying showcasing methodology was equipped towards satisfying two goals. The main goal was to get the organizations and situation experts to list their occupations on the site and the subsequent one was to land position searchers to visit the site. Towards accomplishing the primary target, a serious hunt practice was completed. The group experienced the past issues of a few papers and magazines, went to libraries, examined Yellow Pages and fabricated a mailing list that contained names and addresses of around twenty 4,000 organizations and arrangement specialists who had set a promotion for employments over the most recent five years. Letters were sent out to them with data about the administration. Simultaneously, another rundown of papers and magazines was arranged. Letters were likewise sent to these papers and magazines illuminating them regarding the presentation of this remarkable help. Promoting was additionally done however taking things down a notch. It was limited to little characterized shows in papers. As a result, at first, the promoting technique of Naukri. com depended on direct mailing and it was really a minimal effort one. Current Strategy (2001-2004) †¢ The showcasing technique presently being trailed by Naukri. om is two dimensional one, in the expressions of their advertising chief Ayesha Kapur. Naukri. com connects with two sections essentially the activity searchers and the businesses. To connect with scouts, Naukri. com has a 130-140 in number deals power the nation over that go around and meet the customers eye to eye, acquaint them with the items and clarify them. The system received to connect with the other section, that is, the activity searchers, is forceful publicizing. The forceful promoting has kept energy just during the most recent year (2003-2004). Naukri. om has been publicizing on TV and the print media and is presently investigating radio as a mode for promoting its administrations and items. Notice on TV has included advancement during the Indiaâ€Australia cricket match-up arrangement broadcast on the national T. V. arrange, Doordarshan, in the year 2001. Natural components †¢ The significant outer powers are: †¢ SUPPLY AND DEMAND †¢ If the organization has an interest for additional experts and there is constrained flexibly in the market for the experts requested by the organization, at that point the organization should rely on inside sources by giving them unique preparing and advancement programs. Qualities and Characteristics †¢ Faster inquiry †¢ Secured get to †¢ Personalized information †¢ Customization of information †¢ Privacy convention †¢ Huge records for spotter and candidate to look from †¢ Cost compelling †¢ Global reach †¢ Reduction in enrollment time by 60% Usability from partner perspectives For work trackers †¢ Ease of access to a huge number of employments. †¢ Personalized organization †¢ Secure login †¢ Global reach †¢ Application time is diminished †¢ Resume advancements For businesses †¢ Connectivity to a large number of occupation trackers †¢ Real time data refreshes †¢ Relevant hunt †¢ E applications to oversee resonses †¢ Ease in passing data For government †¢ Increase in GDP †¢ Increase in charge incomes Low unemployable rate IT Infrastructure necessity [pic] 5 layer model of naukri. com framework [pic] Firewall It is a product application mounted on a server at where an organization is associated with the web. Its motivation is to keep unapproved access into the organization from outcasts Demiliterized zone In a DMZ setup, most PCs on the LAN run behind a firewall associated with an open system like the web. At least one PCs likewise run outside the firewall in the DMZ. Money saving advantage investigation They made the market increasingly productive by diminishing ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ in this manner making it appealing to get into this market. It is essential to comprehend the explanations behind naukri. com and other comparative sites enrolling phenomenal development. The activity advertise existed previously yet naukri. com and other comparative sites took activities to encourage certain exercises acted in this market. They made the market progressively proficient by lessening ‘search cost’ and ‘transaction cost’ along these lines making it alluring to get into this market. For this situation, the productivity in the market additionally gets viability as the process duration to close the exchange turns out to be short prompting expanded fulfillment. That is, when market turns out to be progressively proficient, ‘trapped value’ is discharged which implies another income stream for the business association. Caught esteem is likewise discharged when a ‘new esteem system’ gets made, for instance, the estimation of a newly discovered ‘community’ of enrollment specialists and employment seekersâ€they existed before yet as independent elements. This prompts investment funds in cost to look through the ability. For spotters the cost advantage originates from diminishing the expense of print promotions and other conventional strategies. Likewise they get the incredible ability rapidly with the goal that they can recruit the individual for the position and proceed with their activities. For work trackers it spares their expense of going around for chasing down the necessary occupations. Difficulties in Naukri. com business [pic] People-Convenience and availability guarantees individuals are simply click away to get the correct sort of employment. The simplicity of getting to the database for application for the employments has made it simpler for individuals to look through the occupations which suit them. Anyway with expanding number of candidates the expanding database makes it hard to deal with the huge pool of offers. In addition some co-achievement factors bolster both proficiency and adequacy: networks as parts of e-client relationship the executives programs improve client maintenance , in this manner staying away from significant expenses of securing new clients. Execution Its simple to depict web based business and the advantages coming about because of its usage. Its not all that simple to create and convey web based business frameworks. Organizations have confronted noteworthy obstacles in these endeavors: Cost. Web based business requires refined, disseminated frameworks dependent on new advancements that can contact a large number of a companys center business forms. Similarly as with all significant business frameworks, internet business frameworks require critical interests in equipment, programming, staffing, and preparing. Organizations need far reaching arrangements that are anything but difficult to utilize and in this manner help empower financially savvy sending. Worth. Organizations need to realize that their interests in internet business frameworks will create an arrival. They convey internet business frameworks to accomplish business destinations, for example, lead age, business process computerization, and cost decrease. They need to guarantee that these goals are met. Organizations likewise need adaptable arrangements with the goal that they can without much of a stretch adjust a framework to meet changing business conditions. Security. Since the Internet gives practically general access, a comp

Successful Common App Essays About Failure TKG

Successful Common App Essays About Failure Humility, self-awareness, and a sense of humor. These are all traits applicants should seek to convey in their college essays, and essays about failure are a great vehicle for doing so. Students are sometimes hesitant to highlight failures. After all, isn’t the objective to cultivate and showcase a cluster of assets on the application? In short, the answer is ‘yes.’ However, highlighting a weakness, if done properly, can also mean underscoring growth, as well as an ability to think critically and learn from past mistakes. Simply put, it’s humanizing. That said, there are some absolute caveats to the rule. In this blog post, we discuss how students can avoid classic “failure story” pitfalls and effectively suggest to the admissions committee that they appreciate self-deprecating humor in a tasteful way.  Keep It Simple and in the Past The first rule of rocking the “failure story” is to choose a takeaway from the past. The anecdote should not have anything to do with s omething you’re in the middle of grappling with. Remember, you want to demonstrate growth. Whatever topic you choose should also be very specific. “Procrastination,” for example, is a very specific behavior that you could have overcome. “Finding myself” is too nebulous. One of our writers was hyper-active when she was a kid. Teachers always complained that they couldn’t get her to focus in class and either found her staring out the window or talking to her classmates. Her family frequented a casual Japanese restaurant growing up, which her mom discovered also hosted Japanese tea ceremony classes. Her mom was really interested in Japanese culture, so she thought it would be a good idea for our writer to join. This chaotic little kid spent years of her childhood studying the ancient ritual with a group of older Japanese women. She wrote one of her college essays about her experience engaging in this very slow, methodical, quiet practice and frequently succumbing to the urg e to bounce off the walls and lose focus. The essay worked because it demonstrated a specific past failure (an inability to focus) and also extrapolated upon what our writer learned from that experience. Not All Failures Are Appropriate While the goal of the “failure story” is definitely to humanize ourselves, some stories that require more vulnerability, however powerful, are not appropriate. Mistakes that resulted in tragedy or trauma are not really great options to choose here. That doesn’t mean they were not important life experiences. Rather, the admissions committee doesn’t know you that well. If you share with them something you would only really talk about with a close friend or family member, that’s likely all they’ll remember. Let them get to know your strengths and keep it light.  Another one of our writers wrote an essay about how she decided to take a bath, as she enjoyed doing during busy or stressful times of the year. Her routine was always to fill up th e tub, do exactly 10 minutes of assigned reading, and come back when it was just about full. A few minutes later, she was disturbed when her dad started screaming “WHY IS IT RAINING IN MY LIVING ROOM?!” In this particular instance, she had been spacing out, thinking about all that she had to do that day and didn’t realize she put the water on full blast. She flooded her bathroom and her dad’s living room as a result. What our writer didn’t do was write an essay about the ins-and-outs of her emotional well-being during that stressful period in her life. Instead, she crafted a light, funny story about the failure at handâ€"her tendency to space outâ€"and that was sufficient. Not All Failures Are Failure Stories  Sometimes students are compelled to talk about a trait or circumstance that is not actually a direct result of their own decision-making. If you were in an accident, got sick, or experienced a trauma or tragedy that impacted your school work, the essay portion of th e Common App is not the right place for you to discuss it. There is an entire section devoted to   additional information and you should absolute include any disruptions in your education in that section. Also, those don’t need to be light. They just need to be true.    Did you have to miss some school for an injury, sickness, or family issue? Reach out to us. We are experts at helping students address gaps in their resumes.

Persuasive Essay on Whether We Really Know How to Listen

Persuasive Essay on Whether We Really Know How to Listen Do We Really Know How to Listen? It is generally known that to hear and to listen is two different concepts. While the first one is easy for everyone who doesn’t have problems with the sense of hearing, listening requires much more from a person. For instance, to listen carefully you need to be concentrated, attentive and responsive. Some people underestimate the value of listening, which is one of their major faults. So, is it really important to know how to listen? I am absolutely sure that yes, it is very important. Without this skill it is really hard to find a good job, as any manager expects from his workers attention and following of his instructions. But when a person doesn’t listen to him, it is not only irritating, but also makes orders execution simply impossible. Moreover, it is extremely hard to learn something if you are not able to concentrate on the things your tutor tells you. Inability to listen carefully also affects social relations of people, especially among women, as they are known to be more emotional than males. You won’t make good friends with people if you won’t be ready to listen and support them. It is one of the fundamentals on which friendship is built, and thus without the ability to listen it is extremely hard to find friends, as well as create happy family. On the whole, I think that learning how to listen carefully is one of the main skills people should gain in order to live happy life and be satisfied with it. The best situation is when parents bring up their children in a way that this skill is developed from the early childhood. But in any way, all the people should strive to develop this skill as soon as possible.

Similarities Throughout the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey...

There is many similarities through the tales in the Canterbury Tales, written by Geoffrey Chaucer. All of the tales can easily be related to another tale through characters, symbolism, the plot, or morals. Some examples of these relations can be found in The Millers Relating to the Knights tales with almost Identical Characters. And The Franklins Tale is similar to the Pardoners Tale with Greed. And, The Knights Tale, The Miller’s Tale, and The Pardoners tale are similar in many different aspects. The tales in The Canterbury Tales can all be related to one another, find a unique match, making each tale be a pair or even a triple with another story. The Millers Tale and The Knights Tale are two tales in the novel which are similar. In both of these tales, the characters are almost identical. In the Miller’s tale there is a beautiful women named Allison, who has two men deeply in love with her. Though one of these men is her husband, who she married due to his wealth, and the other a educated clerk. Allison doesn’t want to be with any one man, and would rather be single and mingling. Similarly in The Knights Tale, theres also a beautiful women named Emily and two men that love her. However, in this tale the two men that love her are brothers. Along with the fact that Emily does not want to be with anyone, and wants to stay a virgin the rest of her life. But, as Emily says, â€Å"...So I must wed, though with regret, Give me the man who loves me most.†(Page 62) she acceptsShow MoreRelatedGeoffrey Chaucers Experiences In the Canterbury Tales Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesIn the Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer describes the journeys and life lessons of thirty fictitious pilgrims. Scholars explain that only one of the thirty pilgrims was indeed Chaucer, but other characters in the Canterbury Tales represent the struggles of Chaucer as well. Although the pilgrims’ tales were pretend, they were based on actual events that Chaucer experienced throughout his lifetime. He represents his own insecurities and flaws throughout the array of the characters’ tales. SituationRead MoreWife of Bath Vs The Prioress1222 Words   |  5 PagesCanterbury Tales is a story about a group of thirty people, including the Host, that are traveling to the shrine of the martyr St. Thomas a Becket in Canterbury. The diverse group is a concoction of contradicting personalities that are intricately described by Chaucer. Among these twenty-nine excursionists are two women. One of them is the coquettish Prioress while the other one is the partially deaf Wife at Bath. Although both women possess discernable similarities, both possess divergent personalitiesRead More Comparing Othello and Canterbury Tales Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Othello and Canterbury Tales The use of manipulation and misleading for personal gain has proved to be successful for many people throughout history. Famous poet, Geoffrey Chaucer, and famous play writer, William Shakespeare, illustrate characters who possess these manipulating qualities in their personalities. Geoffrey Chaucer’s Pardoner, from The Canterbury Tales, and William Shakespeare’s Iago, from Othello, are good examples deceiving characters. These literary figuresRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1777 Words   |  8 PagesCanterbury Tales takes place in the late 1300’s also known as the Middle ages. Prior to and at this point in time, people tend to be more conservative and to themselves. Geoffrey Chaucer, the author of these stories does something most authors didn’t do at this time, he ironically pointed out the flaws of the medieval English society. He does this by using estate satire. The Canterbury Tales is a great example of the British human experience at that point in time. Chaucer does a great job describingRead More Powerful Satire in Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay3466 Words   |  14 PagesSatire in The Canterbury Tales If one theme can be considered overriding or defining throughout Medieval European society, it would most likely be the concept of social class structure. During this early historical period in Europe, most of society was divided into three classes or estates: the workers, the nobles, and the clerics. By Chaucers time, however, the powerful estate structure had begun to wear down. Weaknesses in the system became apparent, as many people, such as Chaucer himself,Read More Chaucers The Wise Wife of Bath Essay1385 Words   |  6 PagesChaucers The Wise Wife of Bath The Wife of Bath, in my opinion, is one of Chaucers wisest characters.   I am somewhat surprised that he made up such a character, as he was writing these tales in the early fourteenth century.  Ã‚  Ã‚   She took what she did have, which was wit and wisdom, and used it to her advantage. Although she was assumed to be an ugly old woman, she had five husbands all of whom she had mastered only to have them die.   She personifies the characterRead MoreEssay on Sin, Guilt and Shame in The Pardoners Tale1371 Words   |  6 Pages   Geoffrey Chaucers The Pardoners Tale, a relatively straightforward satirical and anti-capitalist view of the church, contrasts motifs of sin with the salvational properties of religion to draw out the complex self-loathing of the emasculated Pardoner. In particular, Chaucer concentrates on the Pardoners references to the evils of alcohol, gambling, blasphemy, and money, which aim not only to condemn his listeners and unbuckle their purses, but to elicit their wrath and expose his eunuchismRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Anti-Feminist Beliefs in Millers Tale and Wife of Baths Tale1536 Words   |  7 PagesAnti-Feminist Beliefs in The Millers Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale    The Millers Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale feature two characters that, though they may appear to be different, are actually very similar. They both seem to confirm the anti-feminine beliefs that existed at the time Chaucer wrote his Canterbury Tales. However, they go about it in different ways. Alison, the woman in The Millers Tale, tries to hide the fact that she has a passion for men other than her husband, andRead MoreThroughout a lifetime, only so much conflict could be bore upon oneself. There is always a1000 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout a lifetime, only so much conflict could be bore upon oneself. There is always a breaking point, the important aspect is the timing. From my story Wuthering Heights to Beowulf and Canterbury Tales there are conflicts that have been exaggerated and then blown to preposterous proportions. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight there are conflicts between man and man just like there are in the world we live in today. Conflicts in books or stories could show what is going on in the real worldRead MoreChaucer s Canterbury Tales And The Wife Of Bath s Tale1167 Words   |  5 Pagespoems, etc. The main similarity that all didactic literature have in common is their message. They all aim to impact their audience with a message or moral that usually involves religion, philosophy, history, or even politics. In a way, didactic literature always tries to improve a part of society in a moral basis. The reason it targets a part of society is because didactic literature has an audience of origin that the moral applies to. For example, Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales: â€Å"The Wife of Bath

Active And Passive Euthanasia Essay - 1739 Words

Rachels and Brock In â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia† Rachels demonstrates the similarities between passive and active euthanasia. He claims that if one is permissible, than the other must also be accessible to a patient who prefers that particular fate. Rachels spends the majority of the article arguing against the recommendations of the AMA. The AMA proposes that active euthanasia contradicts what the medical profession stands for. The AMA thinks that ending a person’s life is ethically wrong, yet believes that a competent patient has a right to choose passive euthanasia, meaning to refuse treatment in this case. Rachels makes four claims arguing against that AMA statement. Rachels first argument is explained through justice and†¦show more content†¦Rachels’s third point in the argument states that there is not a fine line between passive and active euthanasia. He sets up two scenarios involving two cousins. In the first scenario, Smith plans to dr own his cousin in order to inherit money. The second scenario involves a person by the name of Jones. Jones plans on drowning his cousin for money, but the cousin falls, hits their head and drowns without Jones’ help. Jones witnessed the entire incident and could have stopped it, instead he allowed the tragedy to happen. Rachels concludes that killing and allowing to die, or active and passive euthanasia, are equal. They have the same intention. Rachels sums up his last argument by pointing out the major flaw of the AMA’s position on euthanasia. Even if taking away treatment seems helpful to the patient, the end result is still death. The same occurs for active euthanasia. Rachels concludes that passive euthanasia is just as moral as active euthanasia. Therefore, active euthanasia must be allowed if passive is also allowed. Brock’s article discusses the morality of voluntary active euthanasia. Brock knows that voluntary active euthanasia has its disadvantages, b ut that the advantages are much greater. He has four main benefits for making voluntary active euthanasia legal. The first benefit involves self-determination. He believes that everyone should have control over their health, body and life. Legalizing VAE would show respect toShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia Is Morally Permissible?850 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia, as defined by many philosophers, should only be morally permissible in certain circumstances where it benefits the one who dies. It is a widely held belief that an act of euthanasia aims at benefiting the one who dies. Using Kantian ethics as a model, one can determine that: It is morally permissible to engage in voluntary acts of euthanasia; it is morally permissible to engage in acts of nonvoluntary euthanasia, and; it is never morally permissible to engage in acts of involuntary euthanasiaRead MoreThe Argument Of Active And Passive Euthanasia1240 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Applied Ethics Professor Cobb Project # 3 This essay will aim to focus on the arguments that author, James Rachel’s presents in his article, Active and Passive Euthanasia,† In his article Rachel’s argues that both passive and active euthanasia are morally permissible and the doctors that is supported by the American Medical Association(AMA) is believed to be unsound. In this paper I will offer a thorough analysis of Rachel’s essay then so offer a critique in opposition of his argumentsRead MoreThe Morality Of Euthanasia By James Rachels1086 Words   |  5 PagesPanther ID: 3339147 Active Euthanasia Does James Rachels in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† successfully argue that in at least some cases active euthanasia is morally acceptable? Explain his view and respond to it. In this essay, we are going to analyze the main ideas included in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† by James Rachels to provide a response to the following question: Does James Rachels in â€Å"The Morality of Euthanasia† successfully argue that in at least some cases active euthanasia is morally acceptableRead MoreEuthanasi Active And Passive Euthanasia1562 Words   |  7 PagesEuthanasia, also known as voluntary or assisted suicide, is used for terminally ill patients to end their lives instead of undergoing painful treatments and torment of waiting for death. There are, however, two different ways in which A can bring about B’s death. In this essay I will present the distinction between active and passive euthanasia as explained by James Rachels in his article called â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia†. I will also debate whether euthanasia is justified or not by presentingRead MoreIs there a morally important difference between killing someone and l etting someone die?697 Words   |  3 PagesIn this essay I will provide differing philosophical perspectives on the matter before offering my own opinion. There are a number of different terms applied to the concepts of killing someone and letting someone die. Typically, these are: active and passive euthanasia and voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. Active euthanasia, sometimes referred to as ‘positive’ euthanasia, involves a deliberate act, such as lethal injection, that brings about death to a person. On the other hand, passive or ‘negative’Read MoreShould Euthanasia Be Legalized?1490 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Argumentative Essay 1 November 2015 Word Count - 1488 Mercy or No Mercy Soul is immortal. But body is mortal. In life there could be multiple problems. Some problems could be life threatening. There are some stages in life where one has to make decisions. Imagine you are in a place where you lost all your vital abilities and you have to spend your entire life like that. Your family and friend are in pain too just like you are in pain. What would you do? Euthanasia is and act where a personRead MoreDo You Think That the Right to Life Entails a Right to Die Under Certain Circumstances? Should the Law Be Changed to Grant a Universal Right to Voluntary Euthanasia?1000 Words   |  4 Pagesanswer these two questions in this essay. They are â€Å"Do you think that the right to life entails a right to die under certain circumstances?† and â€Å"Should the laws be changed to grant a universal right to voluntary euthanasia?†. In this essay, I am going to give reasons using ethical theories to justify these questions. Euthanasia Euthanasia is the act of a physician or other third party ending a patients life in response to severe pain and suffering. Euthanasia can be classified into three typesRead MoreDo You Think That the Right to Life Entails a Right to Die Under Certain Circumstances? Should the Law Be Changed to Grant a Universal Right to Voluntary Euthanasia?1008 Words   |  5 Pagesanswer these two questions in this essay. They are â€Å"Do you think that the right to life entails a right to die under certain circumstances?† and â€Å"Should the laws be changed to grant a universal right to voluntary euthanasia?†. In this essay, I am going to give reasons using ethical theories to justify these questions. Euthanasia Euthanasia is the act of a physician or other third party ending a patients life in response to severe pain and suffering. Euthanasia can be classified into three typesRead MorePersuasive Essay Pro Euthanasia954 Words   |  4 PagesGrace (JiEun) Lee AP Language and composition Persuasive essay 6 October 2017 Euthanasia legalization The ultimate value of life depends upon awareness and the power of contemplation rather than upon mere survival. Aristotle Being one of the most fervid and controversial topic of all, euthanasia, also known as physician-assisted suicide, has initiated a very sensitive discussion on life and death under one’s ability to choose either side. Euthanasia is defined as a â€Å"the act or practice of killing or permittingRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Killing And Letting Die1401 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative Essay # 1: Killing and Letting Die According to James Rachels in his highly acclaimed article The End of Life, Rachels argues that killing and letting die are morally equivalent. My objective within this essay is to highlight and illuminate Rachel’s key points within the The End of Life, which leads him to this particular conclusion. While doing so I will highlight the main objection to Rachels argument, and illuminate my own objections to further prove that Rachels position is

Luna - Book Review free essay sample

When I first saw this book, I wasnt really sure what to expect of it, Luna by Julie Anne Peters. I thought totally negative about this book, I should have known better, because it turns out to be by far one of my favorite books. I was thrilled as I continued to read and notice that this is an absolute unique book. Not because its about transgenders who are people that feel as if they were born in the wrong body but its because its in a different view of living in the fear of homophobia, as this was written by the point of view of a person closest to a transgender. Regans older brother, Liam, seems like a usual teenage boy: Straight As, great side job, nice car, stylish, and quite friendly. However, during the night, he would dress up in womens clothing and show the femininity of his appearance as Luna, his considered real personality. We will write a custom essay sample on Luna Book Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Regan is the only one who knows about Liam/Lunas feeling, and she cant get over the fact that her brother is living a two lives in one body. Regans daily life consists of helping Liam/Luna cover up the truth, and being the only person that Liam/Luna can talk to about being transgender. First off, the plot. I love that it discusses something as really misunderstood as transgender, and that the author didnt shrink about laying the truth about transgenders the difficulties they face, the confusion, and the thoughts from other people. The main misunderstanding that transgenders are automatically gay was also touched upon, and although there were a few story-related questions bugging me by the end of the novel, it was very helpful to read such an honest description of a person in this situation. It also sent a message to teenagers, whether or not youre transgender, gay, lesbian, etc. The message is acceptance. Acceptance of who you really are. In this case, since this is told from Regans point of view, it taught her not just acceptance of Liams situation, but acceptance of herself as well. The characters were very complex but pleasant, especially since they are obviously damaged. Regan is far from perfect: Doesnt like change, has a hard time taking responsibility for her own actions, separates herself from other people, and although quite not noticeable embarrassed of her brothers situation. Meanwhile, Liam on the other hand, is different of opinion, while Luna is self-centered; but living in a secret, what other choice does she have? But the character Im most disappointed with was their mother. She wasnt really disturbed about anything that was happening in the family. Also, Im still confused about her views to Liam/Luna being transgender. The writing was very well-written and understanding. Even though, Regans point of view was used to narrate the story, I did not have any difficulty telling apart the different characters personalities from each other. The voice was different. I also liked that this book had some funny moments, even during times of strong drama. A sense of humor was something you would not normally expect in a story with so much power, but Julie Anne Peters made it happen. Luna is an emotional book that deals with the situation of transgenderism in a ways that makes it important and understandable. I had never really thought of what it must be like for someone who believes they were born with the wrong body, but after reading Luna, my heart and support goes out to anyone who has ever suffered with this situation.

Old Yeller Essays - Rabies, English-language Films, Films

Old Yeller OLD YELLER This was one of my favorite books during my childhood days. The book is a classic, and Disney later made it into a motion picture. the storys climax develops quickly by telling stories and adventures of a boy named Travis and his old stray yellow dog named Yeller.At the introduction of the book Travis is plowing corn in the garden when an old yellow darts bye and causes the mule to jump. He chases the dog out of the garden and curses at him. Then a few days later the stray dog ate some of the deer meat that was very important for the familys survival. Travis was very angered and threatened to kill the mischievious yellow dog, but his younger brother, Arliss, would not allow this. There are many more adventures that the book tells of Old Yeller throughout the story and I am going to put a heavy emphasis on the three that I enjoyed the most. First of all Travis and his brother Arliss were out in the forest with their mother and were cutting wood. This was going to be used to mend a fence that had broke in the yard. While Arliss was off on his own exploring that day he ran across a small bear cub and began to play with it. Travis yelled at him to turn the cub loose. Arliss could see the mother bear coming, but he was too frightened to turn the cub loose. Travis and his mother ran down the hill to assist Arliss, but they knew that they were going to be too late. All of the sudden Old Yeller came like a flash and attacked the bear from her side. The bear turned quickly to fight the dog off. Travis hoisted Arliss up and threw him to their mother. Travis then began to run and shout at the two fighting animals. The bear tucked its tail and left. Old Yeller had saved the life of Arliss and they were all very appreciative of what Yeller had done. One of the next highlights in the book is when Old Yeller knocks down Rose, the milk cow. Travis and Old Yeller were out in the woods looking for Rose because she had been gone for three days without a trace. Rose had been expecting to give birth at any time and went off by herself to do this. Travis finally located Rose and she had already given birth to the calf. Travis chased after the calf to lift it up. While attempting to do this Rose charged towards him. It was at that time that Travis began to realize what a great dog he really had. Old Yeller dashed and knocked down Rose then as she charged time and again at Yeller the dog tripped her up several times. Later on that day while Travis was milking Rose she kept kicking the milk bucket over and would not allow Travis to milk her. In order to put a stop to this incident Travis called over Old Yeller to keep Rose in line. Old Yeller stood directly in front of Rose and thrashed forward staring at her. The heifer was so frightened that she did not even try to budge. The final adventure of Old Yeller that I would like to portray is very tragic and sad. It begins with Rose contracting a disease called hydrophobia. This is an extremely fatal disease which brings fourth foaming at the mouth of the animal. Rose, the cow, is killed and then burned so that no other animals would eat her and spread the disease. Mama and her daughter Lisbeth were burning the cow when a gray wolf tried to ambush them. Old Yeller came to their rescue like a bolt of lightning and wrestled with the wolf. Both animals were biting and clawing at each other. Travis then retrieved his rifle, took aim, and shot the wolf. The wolf also had hydrophobia so that meant that Old Yeller had the chance of obtaining the sickness as well. After this incident they were forced to lock Old Yeller up in a woodshed for a few weeks while keeping an eye on him to make sure that he did not become ill.

Integrating Technology Into Lessons Essays

Integrating Technology Into Lessons Essays Integrating Technology Into Lessons Essay Integrating Technology Into Lessons Essay is very informative and includes many resources that both prospective and practicing special educators will find useful, whether in clinical experiences or in their own classroom (Keramidas, 2006).Chapter Three: Outcomes and AnalysisGoalsThe goal is to increase the number of teachers who integrate technology in their lessons. The goal of the proposal is to champion for the integration of technology into the curriculum of Flowers Academy. It is also aimed at addressing the necessity of technology related subjects to students and teachers as well.Expected OutcomesThree specific outcomes were achieved when teachers started integrating technology in their lessons. Administrators received less negative feedback on instruction methodology, student attendance, participation, and other issues about mentors and students. Students are more positive about their lessons.   They are inclined to try new ways to apply what they have learn ed to real life applications, even outside the classroom. Teachers are more creative and inventive with the way they teach and instruct. Students in Flowers Academy had the chance to enhance their careers by starting a little bit earlier than expected (Merenbloom, 2007).Students in Flowers Academy had the chance to enhance their careers by starting a little bit earlier than expected (Merenbloom, 2007). Teachers   benefited because they had ample time in their teaching exercises. Students had the opportunity of improving their grades in other subjects. The technology related subjects opened up the minds of the students because the subjects are a little more demanding in terms of dedication and time allocation (Merenbloom, 2007).Measurement of OutcomesThere are a number of strategies that have been employed to measure accurately the outcomes of effectively integrating technologies into the curriculum. Teacher interviews have been conducted to determine attitudes and perceptions of i ntegrating technology into the curriculum. A student survey have been conducted to determine biggest areas of concern when integration technology into the curriculum. Test scores and student attendance have been compared from previous years. Some students were exposed to the technology subjects in other schools that offer the subjects. Their performance were measured and compared against the results of their colleagues back in their school (Hufman, 2005). The other strategy   analyzed the performance of the students in other schools against those in Flowers Academy. Lastly, questionnaires and interviews were conducted in order to get the feeling of the students and the teachers about the technology related subjects.Analysis of ResultsThe survey for students determined whether the students would like to integrate technology into the curriculum. It will also provided information as to whether the children have access to technology at home. The students’ record determined whet her students’ grades   increased because of integrating technology into the curriculum. It determined whether the number of absences had decreased. Compiling this information will help the researcher to determine if the integration of technology actually has the many benefits stated. The parent surveys will address whether parents feel we should implement this technology plan. In addition, observations will take place frequently to determine if technology is being used effectively.Furthermore, observations were made periodically to make sure teachers are taking advantage of the new curriculum. The researcher gatheredcholarly articles on the integration of technology in classroom and the benefits. This study   addressed he students and teachers concerns with technology and make certain proper training is received. In addition, this study   investigated the schools resources to equipment. Grants and donations for lack of lack of technology were addressed. The teachers and administrators worked together to help to ensure technology is being handled appropriately. Teachers benefited from the same, as they will have ample time in their teaching exercises. Students’ performances were compared against theoretically generated results to see if the results are acceptable or not.A control classroom was set up and the performance will be used as a control of the other students performance that does not take the technology related subjects (Borer et al 2000). Results of the students from the other schools were compared at the end of the term in order to see if the performance of the two sets of students is the same (Godwin, 2003). The percentage of students going through the curriculum that has incorporated technology and has improved greatly was compared against the students of Flower’s Academy.   All these result were analyzed using the correlation method of analysis to determine whether the results are significant (Bringsrud, 2004).Chapter Four: Solution StrategyProblem StatementThe problem is that technology is not being integrated in lessons. The problem in this study is that technology is not integrated in the Flowers Academy curriculum.   The technology related subjects need to be incorporated into the curriculum in order to improve the students performance and make them realize their career dreams as early as possible (Miles Huberman, 2004).DiscussionIt is quite evident that this form of communication and interaction made things easier as it cuts down on resources that were otherwise used in the process (Ralabate, 2005). The literature also indicated that teaching technology related subjects have negligible harm and effect in as far as the school is concerned.   It cost more but the results are proportional to the input (Nichani, 2003).   It is inevitable that technology cannot be ignored in whatever circumstances, as research has shown over the years.   Students are able to be self-employed ones they fi nish their school education (Peterson, 2003).   It is through research that it has come out clearly that some students make careers out of the technology that they learn while at school (Ralabate, 2005). This has made more and more students in other schools to like the subject out of curiosity and eagerness (Nichani, 2003). Over the years, curriculum developers have tried to advice teachers on the importance of such a subject but it has been taken lightly repeatedly (Miles Huberman, 2005).While most students are already familiar with the use of computers and the internet, no student should be assumed knowledgeable or an expert in the field. Oftentimes, teachers have access to different technology, but do not implement the use into the current curriculum due to lack of knowledge.Teachers were taught about access restrictions, security, and ethics in using the instructional equipment. As much as teachers need the guidance, students also need the same. There is no better person for this role but the teachers who act as the facilitator in classes. Teachers agreed to implement the use of technology into the curriculum. Teachers followed up withministrators every grading period to ensure that test grades, and attendance are up to part. Most students are denied their dream careers because of them having no access to the necessary subjects in their schools curricula (Godwin, 2003). The benefits that come with technology are so many that they cannot be ignored by whatever means (Bringsrud, 2004).CalendarMonth 1 Teachers and students will receive adequate training. Month 2 Teachers will go over ground rules of technology use. Month 3 Teacher will group students in groups of 4 to work on project together. Month 4 Teacher will assign individual projects for student to complete to ensure their understanding of technology. Month 5 Teacher will assign assignments weekly based on curriculum. Month 6 Teacher will assess students.Chapter V: Results and RecommendationsLearnin g of technology in schools requires both theoretical as well practical experience.   Inclusion of technology as subject alone in class curriculum is not sufficient whereas there should be practical computer labs and small or big projects that teach students as to how to work on projects of technology. As a matter of fact, it is in the school that basics are taught and children who receive maximum exposure to education are better equipped individuals when reach to a stage of employment and for teachers this is a massive and a responsible effort to train students to give a better shape as technology students.   Teachers first and foremost must be fully proficient in curriculum lessons of technology and must prepare in advance before teaching students, due to the fact that students must be free to ask questions about technology, doubts in execution of projects or any kind of practical or theoretical reference that is required during the course of project.Table 1. Schedule of Teache rs to train students on technology projectsSnoMonthTask1JanuaryAdequate training for teachers and students2FebruaryTeachers to understand the rules and usability of technology3MarchTeachers to arrange students in groups of 4 as technology teams4AprilWeekly based curriculum assignments for students5MayAssessment of students and Results.A interview is conducted among children about the inclusion of technology in curriculum is as follows:Q. What is your view about technology? Is it required for children to learn?A. Technology helps people to get better and better. It is very important for children to learn about technology.Q. Inclusion of technology as subject in curriculum makes scoring very difficult. Is this correct?A. No. Technology is much easier to learn as compared to other subjects. More scoring can be made for achieving progress.Q. Inclusion of   technology is in the interest of students. Is this correct?A. Correct. Students also like to learn and participate in technology s essions.Q. How often do you think technology classes should be in a week?A. Two to Three sessions per week.End of interview.The following is a questionnaire answered by students about technology.Learning of technology is good for students. Yes.Students are not burdended more with inclusion of technology as subject. Yes.Students always possess capacity to learn more at school. Yes.Working in teams would provide exchange of knowledge and also provides ability for team work. Yes.Even though teachers do not complete the lesson plan, technology can be learnt on self-preparation. Yes.Can children cope with other subjects in learning along with technology.? Yes.Does teachers require extra skills and proficiency in teaching technology? Yes.If technology is not included, does it result in any sort of loss for students in terms of knowledge? Yes.Technology learning improves better employment sources. Yes.Technology in curriculum is being included in many schools all over the world. Yes.Techno logy learning is also fun and joy. Yes.Technology will help in how to play computer games for students. Yes.Can students use technology for bad purposes. No.Internet browsing must be under parental guidance. Yes.Must never communicate with a stranger on Internet for the restoration of health for students. Yes.Table 2. Lesson plan for teacherSnoWeek dayLessonResult1.MondayIntroduction to technologyFeedback from children: good2Tuesday-3WednesdaySignificance of technology in daily life.Response from children: good4.Thursday-5FridayGroup discussionMore enthusiastic and positive.6Saturday-Table 3. Project Assignment for every 4 studentsSnoWeek dayProjectResult1.MondayPresent a power point chartFeedback from children: good2Tuesday-3WednesdayPaint a picture in paint brushResponse from children: good4.Thursday-5FridayWhat is google.com?More enthusiastic and positive.6Saturday-DiscussionSurveys, questionnaires indicate that students are very enthusiastic about learning technology due to the fact that students always watch parents and elders at home when browsing andAre very much interested in learning what is Internet and what is a power point and how a slide show can be presented. Before knowing and understanding about technology, students are not aware about its benefits and uses and once when these are introduced in curriculum, this improves the knowledge of students.Now that it is clear that students would always indicate much interest in learning of technology, it is the responsibility of teachers to take up assignments and prepare lesson plans thoroughly for the purpose of teaching to children. Proper lesson planning, clear methods in teaching, taking regular feedback and response from students are some of the best techniques to teach technology without boring the students. Students can also be assigned small projects in the beginning and later depending on the mastery and level of skill attained, bigger projects can be assigned for better knowledge promotion in technology for students.   Schools are the best places for learning education and children spend most of the childhood in schools which is why schools have to practice professional education motives and schools have to be moral centres for learning.RecommendationsTeachers have to deliver quality work in teaching technology lessons for students. Teachers can introduce innovative education methods such as a program to do home work regularly, a flow chart to reduce eating more number of candies or a presentation for a plan to arrange a birthday party.   The activities or projects assigned to children must be communicative, must bring out the in-depth skills among students and these must promote more I.Q among children.Students must be made to sit and work on computers either in typing, power point slide or paint brush initially to understand what are the useful benefits derived from a computer and how internet should be used by students.Further students should be able to score more in computer lab exams and also must be capable of presenting and designing mini projects.   Teachers must provide lot of encouragement for students, in helping to learn teachnology at a fast pace. There should be at least one session to clarify doubts or problems that students may face while working on projects and these must be clarified by teachers.Both teachers and students must collectively carry partnership in learning technology as well in educating in technology.   An equal partnership and contribution shall definitely make the learning of technology much easier and practical.A wider scope and wider opportunities must be revealed to students in order to adopt technology as careers in professions as there is going to be a huge requirement of technology professionals in future years.

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 and the Cherokees Essay

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 and the Cherokees - Essay Example Although considered cruel and unfair by the American Indians, the Indian Removal Act promised security and monetary compensation to the Indians that would be removed, as well as protection from invaders (â€Å"The Removal Act,† 2010). The Cherokees, who were the largest group among the five tribes, were asked to transfer from Georgia to Oklahoma. However, despite the large population of the Cherokees compared to the other Indian Tribes, they were given only the second largest tract of land at 4,420,068 acres, compared to the 4,707,903 acres given to the Chickasaws. However, for the Cherokees, the largest amount at $2,716,979 was given as compensation (Jennings, 1995). In the early 1800’s, particularly in 1828, the Cherokees were not anymore the nomadic savages that they used to be and in fact, had adopted the economic and political lifestyle of the white settlers at that time. The Cherokees owned large plantations and many of them even owned slaves. Moreover, they have already adopted some â€Å"European-style† customs, a representational government, an alphabet known as â€Å"Talking Leaves,† and some were already ranch owners (â€Å"The Trail of Tears,† 1996). It was also around the early 1800’s that Cherokees started owning rights to lands, and this caused several white settlers in Georgia to protest and to propose to the government that â€Å"the Cherokee Nation be moved west of the Mississippi to make room for white settlers† (Jennnings, 1995). Despite various protests of the Cherokees under their Principal Chief John Ross against the Indian Removal Act, some leaders of the Indian tribe secretly signed the Treaty of the New Echota in 1835. The Treaty of Echota â€Å"ceded all rights [of the Cherokees] to their traditional lands to the United States† in exchange for land in the Indian territory west of the Mississippi River (â€Å"Indian Remove,† n.d.). The result was favorable to Jackson and th e national government. He then ordered that the Cherokees be given until 1838 to relocate themselves to Oklahoma. Among the disadvantages of the Indian Removal Act towards the Cherokees included the acts of taking their property, the burning of their houses, the mistreatment of their women, and the selling of their liquor in their churches â€Å"to render them even more helpless† (Zinn). Another disadvantage of the Indian Removal Act to the Cherokees was the deaths of many of them on the Trail of Tears. What followed the Treaty of Echota was the forced removal of around 17,000 Cherokees from their homes in Georgia through a trail leading to Oklahoma. On May 17, 1838, General Winfield Scott of the United States Army arrived at the Cherokee territory with 7,000 soldiers. The Indians were forced to walk through the so-called â€Å"Trail of Tears,† an approximately 800-mile long path that took them ten months or until March1839. This was the place where around 4,000 or 5,0 00 Cherokees died while walking (â€Å"The Trail of Tears,† 1996). They died â€Å"of sickness, of drought, of the heat [and] of exposure† (Zinn). Moreover, they buried around 14 or 15 bodies wherever they stopped (â€Å"Trail of Tears,† 2010). Nevertheless, around 1,000 Cherokees escaped from the Trail of Tears to the Great Smoky Mountains of Tennessee and North Carolina, and were called the Eastern Band of Cherokee (Jennings, 1995).With 5,000 horses, 600 wagons and an estimated 100 oxen, the Cherokees

Compare the moral theories of Kant and Aristotle. Argue for the Essay

Compare the moral theories of Kant and Aristotle. Argue for the superiority of one or the other. Qualify your position however y - Essay Example There are similarities in their views on the role and nature of knowledge and morality in the lives of human beings, while there are differences in the tenets that make up their philosophy. Aristotle, in his philosophy, maintains the importance of the soul in the acquisition of moral virtue. It is only by fulfilling the dictates of this soul, which is guided by reason that one would be able to achieve happiness. This happiness could be achieved by man, who was at the highest position in Aristotle’s teleological view of things. Man was at the highest position in his scala naturae, which means the Great Chain of Being, as a result of the possession of rationality and reason, unique to man, who maintains his superiority as a result of this rationality. The rational human person, the creature at the top of the biological ladder, would have a good character that arose out of the creation of moral virtue. To create this character, he would need the fortune to be tutored by somebody higher than him like a teacher, something that would be available only to the elite sections of the society. Aristotle himself was tutored by people like Plato and he was tutor to Alexander the Great. Contemporary Greek ideas and practices were thus, a great factor in the development of the theories of Aristotle.

Challenges In Web Information Retrieval Computer Science Essay

Challenges In Web Information Retrieval Computer Science Essay An overview of Information Retrieval is presented in this chapter. This defines the need of information retrieval. This discusses how the IR problem can be handled. It discusses about the model for efficient and intelligent retrieval. It briefly defines the major issues in information retrieval. It also discusses about the necessity of retrieval and the basis of the study for the motivation of the selection of search topic for dissertation requirements of information retrieval and how it can be used in the web searching. This discusses the user involvement in the retrieval model. This chapter also defines the numbers of approaches are proposed for the user, system and data for the efficient and intelligent retrieval. The different models are focuses on the organization and storing of the data/documents. This chapter defines the need of the retrieval system and also the proposed study in the direction of efficient and intelligent retrieval. The observations are properly explored with the particular emphasis on the necessities of the information retrieval. It is very surprising in a way the information is available in the world today. This leads to the explosion of information soon. The explosion is due to the availability of data and documents online. At the same time while searching and accessing a data/document is a problem. The digitalization is a basis where the ordinary man is involve in storing a huge amount of electronic data. An electronic data can be easily transmitted via email and easily disseminated on the web. The search can be applied on the stored text to require the relevant information on any topic and reuse it. The information explosion means there is too much relevant information readily available to meet the cognitive capacity, for that we will be finding a difficulty in defining the document relevant. Now it becomes necessary for information retrieval (IR) systems to employ intelligent techniques to provide effective access to such a huge amount of available information. Particularly with the emergence of the Worl d Wide Web, users have an access to such huge amount of documents. More and more information services such as new services; library and electronic mail etc are easily available. Things are becoming online in order to provide with a prompt access to the users. The, more textual information is available on web, due to increasing size of information sources has made it difficult for the people to find relevant textual documents. The information that reaches to the user does not match with his/her interest and merely end up with the overloading him/her. The users have to select manually the relevant information from the huge bundle of information. This makes an urge demand for more effective retrieval systems to perform the efficient and intelligent retrieval of data/documents. This research effort will capture the semantics and also integrate it in IR systems. This study will explore this idea by considering in two directions. Firstly, the efficiency of search results, that can be focu sed on the statistical methods. Secondly, the need to improve upon the relevance (in semantic sense and relevant technique) has to be satisfied. This will motivate you in the direction of attempt to improve upon the document storing and query representation. Also natural language processing (NLP) technique can help to segregate/classifies the data for the best use. A relevancy technique is used not only for the efficiency of retrieval but also judge intelligently for capturing the semantics in representation of matching and representation process. The research mainly in this area has to be focus broadly in two directions. Firstly, expanding the query entered in the better representation as per used needs and secondly, determining the relevant in the document urge to representation for improved the results. If the information of any document is lost then that can be recovered by using relevance assessment technique. The relevance cannot be judge only on the on the basis of term occurrence but it depends on the existing retrieval system lie on basic retrieval models such as boolean, standard vector and probabilistic that treat both documents and queries as a set of unrelated terms. These classical models have the advantage of being simple, scalable and computationally feasible, but they do not offer accurate and complete representation. Due to this ignorance in the present classical model, the role of semantic and relative information about the document in the retrieval process is important. It is difficult to identify useful do cuments simply on the basis of words used by the author of the document, as words may mean differently in different context, as pointed out in [Zrehen S, 2000]. It is impossible to retrieve all documents pertaining to a particular subject, because such documents do not share a common set of keywords and because current search engines may or may not address semantics or context. The work focuses mainly on the semantic techniques. However, building a complete semantic understanding of the text requires human-like processing of text and is beyond the scope of this work. The objective of this work is to classify documents as relevant and non-relevant with respect to a standing query with more accuracy and less overhead. A detailed and accurate semantic interpretation is not needed for this classification [Evans David A. Zhai C.,1996]. This fact distinguishes IR application from other NLP applications. The semantic knowledge needed to define the relevance of the document and that can be easily extracted from the text with respect to the author or user. This can be implemented by approach to the overlaying facility, which helps in dealing with the relationships issue, which is one of the most important factors in the design of information retrieval systems. These techniques allow the search and retrieval systems to involve in the improve document and/or query representation. It involves into the address document semantics .It not only improved the ranking of retrieved documents, further adapt queries based on relevance feedback and improve retrieval performance. Finally, producing the relationship between the fact that so much information is being produced and at such a rate that no single technique can offer remedy to all problems, we propose hybrid approach to information retrieval and also evaluate one such model. This will explore to both directions for the efficiency and intelligent retrieval. The realization of inadequacy of the current approaches of information retrieval, work focuses on investigating intelligent techniques t hat will help in retrieving information effectively. IR enables the programs for representation, comparison, and interaction methods to implement in the system result in effective performance. The techniques that improve these aspects i.e., the representation, comparison, or interaction, will lead to intelligent retrieval. The use of overlaying facility will be capturing the relationships between the different layers of data. This will cultivate to a hybrid model by applying the efficient and intelligent technique using hierarchical and semantics approach. To improve the efficacy of an IR system, we need a better understanding of the issues involved in information retrieval and problems associated with existing traditional information retrieval systems. The algorithm/application of these techniques can provide significant benefit. This exactly defines the scope of the work. In the rest of the chapter, we first discuss the issues involved and the problems associated with current approaches to information retrieval. And the motivation behind the retrieval is discussed. The proposed work for the information retrieval is studied thoroughly. This overview also serves as a summary of the core technical contributions of this work. It briefly reviews some of the previous research aiming at necessity of the work. Lastly, it describes the organization of the dissertation 1.2. Major issues in information retrieval There are a number of issues that are involved in the design and evaluation of IR systems some of them are discussed. The first important issue to address is to choose a representation of the document. Most of the human knowledge is coded in natural language. However, it is difficult to use natural language as knowledge representation language for computer systems. The current retrieval models are based on either keywords for search or author. This keyword representation creates problem during retrieval due to polysemy, homonymy and synonymy. Polysemy involves the phenomenon of a lexeme with multiple meaning. Keyword matching may not always include word sense matching [Justin Picard Jacques Savoy ,2000]. Homonymy is an ambiguity in which words that appear the same have unrelated meanings. Ambiguity makes it difficult for a computer to automatically determine the conceptual content of documents. Synonymy creates problem when a document is indexed with one term and the query contains a different term, and the two terms share a common meaning. The previous studies indicate that human beings tend to use different expressions to convey the same meaning [Blair D., Maron M., 1990]. The recent work in developing extensive lexicon is an attempt to improve the situation [Mittendorf E. ed. Al, 2000]. Traditional retrieval models ignore semantic and contextual information in the retrieval process [Judith P. Dick, 1992], [Ounis I. Huibers T,W.C. 1997]. This information is lost in the extraction of keywords from the text and can not be recovered by the retrieval algorithms. The improving IR demands an improved representation of text, which is very important. The related issue can look forward in characterization of queries by users. This is inappropriate in this case because of v agueness and inaccuracy of the users queries, say for instance, their lack of knowledge of the subject or the inherent vagueness of the natural language itself. The users may fail to include relevant terms in the query or may include irrelevant terms. Inappropriate or inaccurate query leads to poor retrieval performance. The problem of ill-specified query can be dealt with by modifying or expanding queries. An effective technique based on users interaction is the relevance feedback. This will Improve the representation of documents and/or queries is thus central to improving IR. In order to satisfy users request an IR system matches document representation with the query representation. How to match the representation of a query with that of the document is another issue. A number of similarity measures have been proposed to quantify the similarity between a query and the document to produce a ranked list of results. The selection of the appropriate similarity measure is a very cruc ial issue in the IR system design. The evaluation of the performance of IR systems is also one of the major issues in IR. There are many aspects of evaluation; most important being the effectiveness of an IR system. Recall and precision are the most widely used measures of effectiveness in IR community. As improving effectiveness in IR is the underlying theme for evaluating any technique and is one of the core issues in this work. The evaluation of the performance of IR systems relies on the notion of relevance. The relevance is subjective in nature [Saracevic T., 1991]. Only the user can tell the true relevance. This cannot be measure as it is based on user perception. However, it is not possible to measure this true relevance. One may define the degree of relevance. The relevance has been considered as a binary concept, whereas it is a continuous function (a document may be exactly what the user wants or it may be closely related). The current evaluation techniques do not support this continuity. The number of relevance frameworks has been proposed in [Saracevic T., 1996]. This includes the system, communication, psychological and situational frameworks. The most inclusive is the situational framework, which is based on the cognitive view of the information seeking process and considers the importance of situation, context, multi-dimensionality and time. A survey of relevance studies can be found in [Mizzaro S. ,1997]. Most of the evaluations of IR systems so far have been done on document test collections with known relevance judgments. The large size of document collections also complicates text retrieval. Further, users may have varying in need of documents. Some users require answers of limited scope, while others require documents having wide scope. These different needs can require that different and specialized retrieval methods be employed. The work attempts to handle some of these problems by proposing techniques. To improve representation of docume nts and queries and by incorporating new similarity measures. Information retrieval models based on these representations and similarity measures have been proposed and evaluated in this work. The another factor that decreases search engine usefulness is the dynamic nature of the Web, resulting in many dead links and out of date pages that have changed since indexed. But even accepting these factors, finding relevant information using Web search engines often fails. The document retrieval systems typically present search results in a ranked list, ordered by their estimated relevance to the query. The relevancy is estimated based on the similarity between the text of a document and the query. Such ranking schemes work well when users can formulate a well-defined query for their searches. However, users of Web search engines often formulate very short queries (70% are single word queries [Motro, 98]) that often retrieve large numbers of documents. Based on such a condensed representat ion of the users search interests, it is impossible for the search engine to identify the specific documents that are of interest to the users. Moreover, many webmasters now actively work to influence rankings. These problems are intensify when the users are unfamiliar with the topic they are querying about, when they are novices at performing searches, or when the search engines database contains a large number of documents. All these conditions commonly exist for Web search engine users. Therefore the vast majority of the retrieved documents are often of no interest to the user; such searches are termed low precision searches. The low precision of the Web search engines coupled with the ranked list presentation force users to examine through a large number of documents and make it hard for them to find the information they are looking for. As low precision Web searches are inevitable, tools must be provided to help users cope with (and make use of) these large document sets. Such tools should include means to easily browse through large sets of retrieved documents. 1.3 Necessity of present work The motivation for this research is to make search engine results easy to browse. The document classification algorithms attempt to group similar documents together. The Classification / Grouping the results of Web search engines can provide a powerful browsing tool. The automatic grouping of similar documents (document groups) a feasible method of presenting the results of Web search engines. 1.3.1 Classification: The document groups have initially been investigated in Information Retrieval mainly as a means of improving the performance of search engines by pre-clustering the entire corpus [Jardine and van Rijsbergen, 71]. The cluster hypothesis [van Rijsbergen, 79] stated that similar documents will tend to be relevant to the same queries, thus the automatic detection of clusters of similar documents can improve recall by effectively broadening a search request. However we are investigating classification as a means of browsing large retrieved document sets. We therefore need to slightly modify the group classification which suit to the domain. This can be attempted for user-class hypothesis is that users have a mental model of the topics and subtopics of the documents present in the result set; similar documents will tend to belong to the same category in the users model. Thus the automatic detection of clusters of similar documents can help the user in browsing the res ult set. The classification and the groups of the documents with respect to the author can help users in three ways: (1) it can allow them to find the information they are looking for more easily, (2) it can help them to realize faster that a query is poorly formulated (e.g., too general) and to reformulate it, and (3) it can reduces the fraction of the queries on which the user gives up before reaching the desired information. For example, if a user wishes to find salsa recipes on the Web, and performs a search using the query apple, only 10% of the returned documents will be related to apple recipes (the rest will relate to apple music, apple products that can be bought on the web and a software product called apple; many documents will have no apparent connection to apple at all). If we were to cluster the results, the user could find the group relating to apple recipes and thus save valuable browsing time. We have identified some key requirements for document clustering of searc h engine results. The support vector machine is used to implement such types of cluster techniques: 1) Coherent Clusters is the clustering algorithm should group similar documents together. 2) Efficiently browsable that the user needs to determine at a glance whether the contents of a cluster are of interest. Therefore, the system has to provide concise and accurate cluster descriptions. 3) Speed of the system should not introduce a substantial delay before displaying the results. 4) In preliminary experimentation carried out at the beginning of this study we found Web documents, and especially search engine snippets, to be poor candidates for classification because they are short and often poorly formatted. This led us to consider the use of phrases in the classification of search engine results, as they contain more information than simple words (information regarding proximity and order of words). The phrases have the equally important advantage of having a higher descriptive pow er (compared to single words). This is very important when attempting to describe the contents of a group to the user in a concise manner. The groups can be making with the keyword in respect to the subject and sub-subject or it can be in respect to the author or user. 1.3.2 Relevancy in documents: With respect to the clustering of the documents or users, they important study that is made for the retrieval is as follows. The search engines are extremely important to help users to find relevant retrieval of information on the World Wide Web. In order to give the best according to the needs of users, a search engine must find and filter the most relevant information matching a users query, and then present that information in a manner that makes the information most readily presentable to the user. The system is used to apply the technique and also work in between the user and the document to efficient retrieval the relevant document. Moreover, the task of information retrieval and presentation must be done in a scalable fashion to serve the hundreds of millions of user queries that are issued every day to a popular web search engines (Tomlin, 2003). In addressing the problem of Information Retrieval (IR) on the web, there are a number of challenges researchers are involved. Some of these challenges are dealt with and identified additional problems that may motivate future work in the IR research community. It also describes some work in these areas that has been conducted at various search engines. It begins by briefly outlining some of the issues or factors that arise in web information retrieval. The people/User relates to the system directly for the Information retrieval as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1.1 IR System Components. They are easy to compare fields with well-defined semantics to queries in order to find matches. For example the Records are easy to find-for example, bank database query. The semantics of the keywords also plays an important role, which is, send through the interface. System includes the interface of search engine servers, the databases and the indexing mechanism, which include the stemming techniques. The User defines the search strategy and also gives the requirement for searching .The documents available in www apply subject indexing, ranking and clustering (Herbach, 2001).The relevant matches are easily found. There are three major components such as data, user and system. These three components are interlinked with each other with two-way relationship. The system is a computer system and the software application loaded. The interfaces of search engine servers, the databases and the indexing mechanism, which include the stemming techniques etc, are associated in the system and i ts linked components. Similarly, user defines the search strategy (Herbach, 2001) and also gives the requirement for searching .The documents available in www apply subject indexing, ranking and clustering (Kleinberg,1999). The relevant matches easily found by comparison with field values of records. The involvement of relevance feedback technique can also be incorporated for efficient searching. And the data are a simple as documents in different formats use database, it terms of maintenance and retrieval of records but for the unstructured documents, it is difficult where we use text. Search engine developments are based primarily on the indexing range, which is assisted by www users in performing information retrieval task. The evaluation of efficient and intelligent studies have considered and an impact can be seen on system features (Kunchukuttan,2006), in particular those with which the user interacts for search assistance. The information retrieval system evaluation the compl ex environment, which measures of the utility and the usability of the search results of the system are required from a user perspective layout. The proposed model for a user-centered evaluation is based on a conceptual framework in which user-satisfaction is characterized on the variable dependent on system features and system functions. It will be simple for the database it terms of maintenance and retrieval of records but for the unstructured documents it is difficult where we use text. The same criteria for searching will give better matches and also better results. The different dimensions of IR have become vast because of different media, different types of search applications, and different tasks, which is not only a text, but also a web search as a central. The IR approaches to search and evaluation are appropriate in all media is an emerging issues of IR. The information retrieval is involved in the following tasks and sub tasks: 1) Ad-hoc search involve with the process where it generalizes the criteria and searches for all the records, which finds all the relevant documents for an arbitrary text query; 2) Filtering is an important process where the users identify the relevant user profiles for a new document. The user profile is maintained where the user can be identified with a profile and accordingly the relevant documents are categorized and displayed; 3) Classification is involved with respect to the identification and lies in the relevant list of the cl assification. This works in identifying the relevant labels for documents; 4) Question Answering Technique involves for the better judgment of the classification with the relevant questions automatically frames to generate the focus of the individuals. The tasks are described in the Figure 2. Figure 1.2: Proposed Model of Search Engine. The field of IR deals with the relevance, evaluation and interacts with the user to provide them according to their needs/query. IR involves in the effective ranking and testing. Also it measures of the data available for the retrieval. The relevant document contains the information that a person was looking for when they submitted a query to the search engine. There are many factors influence a persons to take the decision about the relevancy that may be task, context, novelty, and style. The topical relevance (same topic) and user relevance (everything else) are the dimensions, which help in the IR modeling. The retrieval models define a view of relevance. The user provides information that the system can use to modify its next search or next display. The relevance feedback is as to how much system understands the user in terms of what is the need, and also to know about the concept and terms related to the information needs. The retrieval uses the different techniques such as the web pages contains links to other pages and by analyzing this web graph structure it is possible to determine a more global notion of page quality. The remarkable successes in this area include the Page Rank algorithm (Tomlin, 2003), which globally analyzes the entire web graph and provided the original basis for ranking in the various search engines, and Kleinbergs hyperlink algorithm (Herbach, 2001, Kleinberg,1999), which analyzes a local neighborhood of the web graph containing an initial set of web pages matching the users query. Since that time, several other linked-based methods for ranking web pages have been proposed including variants of both PageRank and HITS (Kleinberg, 1999, Joachims, 2003), and this remains an active research area in which there is still much fertile research ground to be explored. This may refer to the recent work on Hub and researchers from where it identifies in the form of equilibrium for WWW sources on a common theme/topic in which we explicitly build into the model by taking care of the diversity of roles between the different types of pages (Herbach,2001) .Some pages are the prominent sources of primary data/content and are considered to be the authorities on the topic; other pages, equally essential to the structure, accumulate high-quality guides and resource lists that act as focused hubs, directing users to suggested authorities. The nature of the linkage in this framework is highly asymmetric. Hubs link heavily to authorities, and they may have very few incoming links linked to them, and the authorities are not link to other authorities. This is completely a suggested model (Herbach,2001), is completely natural; relatively anonymous individuals are creating many good hubs on the Web. A formal type of equilibrium consistent model can be defined only by assigning the weights to the two numbers called as a hub weight and an authority weight .The weights to each page are assigned in such a way that a pages authority weight is proportional to the sum of the hub weights of pages that link to it to maintain the balance and a pages hub weight is proportional to the sum of the authority weights of pages that it links to. The adversarial Classification (Sahami et al.,1998) may be dealing with Spam on the Web. One particularly interesting problem in web IR arises from the attempt by some commercial interests to excessively heighten the ranking of their web pages by engaging in various forms of spamming (Joachims, 2003). The SPAM methods can be effective against traditional IR ranking schemes that do not make use of link structure, but have more limited utility in the context of global link analysis. Realizing this, spammers now also utilize link spam where they will create large numbers of web pages that contain links to other pages whose rankings they wish to rise. The interesting technique applied will continually to the automatic filters. The spam filtering in email is very popular. This technique with concurrently involved the applying the indexes the documents. The current study will propose a hybrid semantic model where is a combination algorithm and the application used for the efficient and intelligent retrieval model. This will involve the different practices for the retrieval the system will be playing an important role. Further the tri-sectional considering system, document and user are identified by applying the Analytical Hierarchal process (AHP) model. This study will help to you carry out the algorithm, application and the models associated with them with respect to these components. 1.5. Organization of the thesis The thesis is organized into seven chapters including the present chapter which introduced IR problem, presented a brief review of the work done in the field and provided an overview of our work. An outline of the remaining chapters follows. The intelligent and efficient Information Retrieval needs to explain the data organization, the user prospects and also the user interface system study and its importance. The different tests for the present theoretical investigations are reported in the thesis, have been organized as follows: The understanding of the theoretical analysis of proposed methods to explain the various intelligent and efficient structural algorithm and application based approach; the techniques have been discussed in further consecutive chapters. Also, it is adequate to take a real scenario that the interaction mechanism between the layers of user and data are important to define the model with their properties. Briefly the remarkable success achieved from the present models has been given below. The understanding of basic parameters for efficient and intelligent retrieval needs the formulation of an effective and intelligent retrieval and this is outlined in Chapter II. To make information retrieval study successful, there is the need to prioritize their efforts in terms of user, system and data centric aspects, because of the range interactions they are effective up to the second-hierarchy. The forces occur between the layer itself and also by joining to the upper/lower layer within the system. A straightforward extension is possible since; these systems are open-ended and allow data and user to join them with internal requirements and for a complete collection of document/data etc. The effective parameters as relevancy, ranking and layout have been incorporated in the implementation of analytical hierarchical process (AHP) for analysis. In order to make the proposed work more revealing, the applicability of these parameters has been explored for the further focus on the proposed model to describe the interaction and interrelation between the data and user as presented in Chapter II. The research study provides a theoretical background of IR techniques, which helps in designing the retrieval model. The detailed study will be defined on the basic concept in establishing the relationship between the system and data primarily. There are different techniques that are based on this relationship/link to define the efficient data retrieval, which has been investigated, and results presented in Chapter III. The later part of this chapter explores Intelligent Data processing and analysis with respect to the intelligent data retrieval by using different techniques used for designing the retrieval model. The detailed study will define the basic concept in establishing the relationship between the system, user and data primarily. There are different techniques that are based on this relationship/link to define the intelligent data retrieval. This is very much dependent on the semantics of the individual layer as per user interest or taste. The links between the two objects is to change the strength of the object. The objects are powerful, based on incoming and outgoing link i.e. the popularity of the object. Based on strength, this object can be considered as highest ranked object and also relevant one. Effective interrelation is successful in explaining popularity of object with consistent behavior. Semantics annotation framework helps in intelligent retrieval by using natural semantics. The Vector Space Model and Latent Semantic Indexing techniques are theoretically analyzed in Chapter IV. The research used an effective inte

Private Prisons Negativly Impact State and Local Governments Essay

Private prisons have a negative effect on states and local governments. Unfortunately, the number of private prisons has been increasing since their inception in 1983 causing further problems. For-profit prisons offer no real benefits and are bad investments for states. Furthermore, private prisons beleaguer communities with high turnover rates that hurt local economies. The demands of these institutions put an excessive burden on the local community’s infrastructure. Similarly, private prisons strain the county and city legal systems. More often than not, spin-off industries and economic benefits promised by the for-profit correction industry fail to appear. Additionally, private prisons are allowed to cherry pick the least expensive inmates, leaving the more expensive inmates for the state. A number of studies financed by the private prison industry give the misconception that they save states money. More importantly, the need to make a profit is an incentive for private pri son industry officials to engage in nefarious activities. Private prisons are correctional institutions ran by for-profit corporations. They claim to cost less than prisons ran by the state, while offering the same level of service. In fact, the Corrections Corporation of America, one of the largest for-profit prison corporations, states that their business strategy is to provide quality corrections service while offering a better value to their government partners at the same time making a profit (CCA 2010). However, opponents of private prisons say they do not save states money because of their hidden cost. At any rate, more than a few states have found private prisons to be advantageous. For one reason, many states are facing massive deficits and are l... ...e-new-american-gold-mine/>. Setti, Christopher. "Prisons and Their Effect on Local Economies: The Colorado Experience." University of Colorado, Denver 2001st ser. XLVII.3 (2001): 1-9. Print. Shapiro, David. Banking on Bondage: Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration. Rep. New York: American Civil Liberties Union, 2011. Print. Smith, Abbe. "Undue Process." The New York Times 31 Mar. 2013: BR21. Print. Urbina, Ian. "Despite Red Flags About Judges, A Kickback Scheme Flourished." The New York Times 28 Mar. 2009: A1. Print. Wilder, Forrest. "Jailbait." TexasObserver.org. 20 Oct. 2006. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. . Yeoman, Barry. "Steel Town Lockdown." Mother Jones. May-June 2000. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .